Molecular cloning is a commonly used technique for the generation of recombinant proteins.  The gene for a protein of interest is cloned into a vector, or plasmid, in frame with...

Proteomics often involves the purification and identification of novel proteins from tissues.  The strategy often employed is one using multiple and different protein purification techniques to fractionate proteins into specific...

Affinity chromatography is a powerful tool for the purification of specific biomolecules, including proteins. The basic principle is that a biospecific ligand is immobilized to a solid support or resin...

Hydrophobic chromatography is based on the fact that protein molecules can have extensive hydrophobic regions.  These hydrophobic regions, in media favoring hydrophobic interactions, such as an aqueous solution with high...

Ion exchange chromatography is used to separate charged molecules from complex biological samples. The charged molecules bind to a solid support carrying an opposite charge to the molecule. Proteins contain...

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC), also called gel filtration chromatography or gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), uses porous particles to separate molecules of different sizes.  It is generally used to separate biological molecules...

huge differences in abundance.  These restrictions mean low abundance, critical proteins are often masked and are therefore hard to identify and purify.  One key tool in resolving this issue is...

The cellular environment is a constant dynamic with the continued synthesis, degradation and recycling of protein molecules. This dynamic allows for close regulation of cellular processes by switching off cellular...

A proteins life cycle begins once its gene is turned on and its mRNA is transcribed and translated to produce the polypeptide strand. The correct folding of a protein is...

Proteins within a cell are often localized to specific cellular compartments, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, plasma membrane, or vesicles and their specific localization can provide crucial information about the...

The protein make-up of an organism is unique to that individual species, however many essential proteins are highly conserved.  This level of conservation can be seen when protein fingerprinting is...

Each tissue of an organism performs a specific function, for example, the heart has a completely different role than that of the brain.  The diverse functions of an organism’s tissues...